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CU-dcp47r updated archinstall post for clarity
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bdebyl
2020-10-09 22:06:20 -04:00
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@@ -25,24 +25,109 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
(type: `8e00`) (type: `8e00`)
1. Make the the EFI/boot partition FAT32 via `mkfs.fat -F32` 1. Make the the EFI/boot partition FAT32 via `mkfs.fat -F32`
## Partitioning with `fdisk`
{{% admonition warning Warning %}}
This operation will destroy any data on the device, please ensure to back up
any data desired prior to this operation!
{{% /admonition %}}
{{% admonition info Info %}}
Replace instances of `/dev/sdN` with your actual device name (e.g. `/dev/sda`).
References specific to partitions will be stated as such (e.g. `/dev/sdN1`,
`/dev/sdN2`)
{{% /admonition %}}
1. Remove any existing partitions on the drive:
```bash
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/def/sdN bs=4M count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4194304 bytes (4.2 MB, 4.0 MiB) copied, 0.499143 s, 8.4 MB/s
```
1. Create a new `gpt` partition table with `fdisk`:
```bash
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdN
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 07D99608-7AE7-1144-8BCA-BDF9833DAFD0).
Command (m for help): p
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-15155166, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-15155166, default
15155166): +512M
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 512 MiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 1
Changed type of partition 'Linux LVM' to 'EFI System'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2):
First sector (1050624-15155166, default 1050624):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1050624-15155166, default
15155166):
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 6.7 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 30
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
$ fdisk -l /dev/sdN
...
Disklabel type: gpt
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sdN1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/sdN2 1050624 15155166 14104543 6.7G Linux LVM
```
{{< sub >}}
The above example `fdisk` run was done on an 8G USB drive and is provided
for reference purposes. Ignore the sizes listed above when comparing to your
installation.
{{< /sub >}}
# Encryption # Encryption
1. Format the Linux LVM partition: 1. Format the Linux LVM partition:
```bash ```bash
cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdaN cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdN2
Enter passphrase: Enter passphrase:
``` ```
**Note:** _Remember your passphrase! You will need this every time you boot {{< sub >}}
your computer_ Remember your passphrase! You will need this every time you boot
your computer
{{< /sub >}}
1. Create a mapping for your Linux LVM (LUKS): 1. Create a mapping for your Linux LVM (LUKS):
```bash ```bash
cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdaN <map_name> cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/sdN2 <map_name>
``` ```
_Use whatever name you want. Ex. `lvm`, `volume`, etc._ {{< sub >}}
Use whatever name you want. Ex. `lvm`, `volume`, etc.
{{< /sub >}}
1. Create the physical volume, volume group, and logical volumes for 1. Create the physical volume, volume group, and logical volumes for
`<map_name>` specified in the previous step: `<map_name>` specified in the previous step:
@@ -51,19 +136,28 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
vgcreate <volume_name> /dev/mapper/<map_name> vgcreate <volume_name> /dev/mapper/<map_name>
``` ```
_Use whatever volume name you want. Ex. `volume`, `main`, `linux`, etc._ {{< sub >}}
Use whatever volume name you want. Ex. `volume`, `main`, `linux`, etc.
{{< /sub >}}
```bash ```bash
lvcreate -L2G <volume_name> -n swap lvcreate -L2G <volume_name> -n swap
``` ```
_Select size for swap, if desired. Here we use `2G` for 2Gb._ {{< sub >}}
Select size for swap, if desired. Here we use `2G` for 2Gb.
{{< /sub >}}
```bash ```bash
lvcreate -L16G <volume_name> -n root lvcreate -L16G <volume_name> -n root
lvcreate -l 100%FREE <volume_name> -n home lvcreate -l 100%FREE <volume_name> -n home
``` ```
{{< sub >}}
Set your `root` partition size and `home` size if using separate `/home`
partition. Otherwise, simply create your `-l 100%FREE` volume.
{{< /sub >}}
1. Specify and write the desired filesystems: 1. Specify and write the desired filesystems:
```bash ```bash
@@ -81,7 +175,7 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
mkdir /mnt/home mkdir /mnt/home
mkdir /mnt/boot mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/mapper/<volume_name>-home /mnt/home mount /dev/mapper/<volume_name>-home /mnt/home
mount /dev/sdaN /mnt/boot mount /dev/sdN1 /mnt/boot
swapon /dev/mapper/<volume_name>-swap swapon /dev/mapper/<volume_name>-swap
``` ```
@@ -89,11 +183,18 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
`wifi-menu`, or other, to connect to the internet at this point._): `wifi-menu`, or other, to connect to the internet at this point._):
```bash ```bash
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware lvm2 dhclient
``` ```
{{< sub >}}
Here we are using `linux` kernel as an example, though you may want to use
`linux-hardened`
{{< /sub >}}
# Set-up Linux Installation # Set-up Linux Installation
## Generate `fstab`
1. Generate the `fstab`: 1. Generate the `fstab`:
```bash ```bash
@@ -106,55 +207,66 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
arch-chroot /mnt arch-chroot /mnt
``` ```
1. Configure `initramfs`: ## Configure `initramfs`
1. Edit `HOOKS` in `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf` using text editor of your choice
(e.g. `vi`, `nano`, etc.). Move the `keyboard` hook before `filesystems`,
and add `encrypt` and `lvm2` hooks **before** `filesystems`:
```bash 1. Edit `HOOKS` in `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf` using text editor of your choice
$ egrep '^HOOKS' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf (e.g. `vi`, `nano`, etc.). Move the `keyboard` hook before `filesystems`,
HOOKS=(base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck) and add `encrypt` and `lvm2` hooks **before** `filesystems`:
```
_Read the comment documentation on `HOOKS` in the document to find out ```bash
more._ $ egrep '^HOOKS' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
HOOKS=(base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck)
```
1. Generate `initramfs`: {{< sub >}}
Read the comment on `HOOKS` in the `mkinitcpio.conf` file to find out more.
{{< /sub >}}
```bash 1. Generate `initramfs`:
mkinitcpio -p linux
```
1. Install a bootloader (e.g. `systemd-boot`, `grub`, `syslinux`, etc.): ```bash
1. I will be using `systemd-boot` mkinitcpio -p linux
```
```bash ## Configure bootloader
bootctl --path=/boot/ install
```
1. Edit the loader configuration using a text editor of your choice: Install a bootloader (e.g. `systemd-boot`, `grub`, `syslinux`, etc.) and
configure it as per it's documentation/installation steps.
```bash ### Bootloader Example: `systemd-boot`
$ cat /boot/loader/loader.conf
default arch
timeout 3
editor 0
```
1. Create the loader entry for the default `arch` entry specified above (_You 1. I will be using `systemd-boot`
can edit this name if desired._). Use `blkid /dev/sdaN` to find the UUID
of your crypt device, and recall the volume name you gave your device
above (_`main` in example below_):
```bash ```bash
$ cat /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf bootctl --path=/boot/ install
title Arch Linux ```
linux /vmlinuz-linux.img
initrd /initramfs-linux.img 1. Edit the loader configuration using a text editor of your choice:
options cryptdevice=UUID=9f1fc119-b1dc-49d8-9a5a-686ad9e2fd2e:volume root=/dev/mapper/main-root quiet rw
``` ```bash
$ cat /boot/loader/loader.conf
default arch
timeout 3
editor 0
```
1. Create the loader entry for the default `arch` entry specified above (_You
can edit this name if desired._). Use `blkid /dev/sdNx` to find the UUID
of your crypt device, and recall the volume name you gave your device
above (_`main` in example below_):
```bash
$ cat /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux.img
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options cryptdevice=UUID=9f1fc119-b1dc-49d8-9a5a-686ad9e2fd2e:volume root=/dev/mapper/main-root quiet rw
```
## Configure finishing touches
1. Create a root password using `passwd`
1. Create a root password using `passwd`.
1. Set a hostname: 1. Set a hostname:
```bash ```bash
@@ -168,7 +280,7 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
hwclock --systohc --utc hwclock --systohc --utc
``` ```
1. Set the locale to `en_US`: 1. Set the locale (_example for `en_US`_):
```bash ```bash
sed -i 's/^\#en_US/en_US/' /etc/locale.gen sed -i 's/^\#en_US/en_US/' /etc/locale.gen
@@ -176,7 +288,7 @@ better understanding of the tools and methods used.
locale > /etc/locale.conf locale > /etc/locale.conf
``` ```
1. Done! 1. Exit and reboot:
```bash ```bash
exit exit